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11 февраля: праздники и события в этот день

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11 февраля: праздники и события в этот день

ПОСМОТРИТЕ ЕЩЕ:  19 ноября: праздники и события в этот день
Photo of Oksana Oksana11.02.2025
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Photo of Oksana

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March 23 is World Meteorologist Day, Atheist Day and «OK» Day. This day is filled with historical events that influenced the course of world history, the development of culture, science, politics and statehood. It was on this day that fateful battles took place, important alliances were concluded, scientific discoveries were born, and the fate of entire nations was determined. World Meteorologist Day This is a professional holiday of all those who work at the intersection of science, nature and human safety. This is the date of creation of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), a specialized agency of the UN, which since 1950 coordinates the work of the world’s weather services, monitors the state of the atmosphere and changes our understanding of weather and climate. Meteorology is not just about rain or shine in weather forecasts. It has long become a strategic science that helps save lives, prevent natural disasters, manage the agricultural sector, energy, aviation and even military operations. Today, weather forecasts are an extremely complex system of thousands of weather stations, satellites, radars, and computer models. All in order to give a person a chance to prepare for the challenges of nature. In Ukraine, the meteorological service has more than a hundred years of history. Forecasters monitor the atmosphere every day, record changes in temperature, pressure, and humidity, and transmit this data to the global network. Thanks to their work, we know when to expect thunderstorms, heat or dangerous frosts. And during the war, Ukrainian meteorologists work under fire — to provide forecasts for the military, energy workers, rescuers, and ordinary people. Each year, WMO chooses a theme for World Meteorological Day that reflects the challenges of the times. In 2025, the main focus is on artificial intelligence and the latest technologies that change forecasting and give humanity a chance to more accurately predict disasters, reduce risks and save lives. Interesting facts The World Meteorological Organization unites 193 countries and maintains the world’s largest database of observations of the atmosphere, oceans and climate. The first official weather forecast for publication in a newspaper appeared in Great Britain in 1861. It was made by meteorologist Robert Fitzroy, the same captain of the ship «Beagle» on which Charles Darwin traveled. The word «meteorology» comes from the Greek «meteoron» — «that which is high in the air». But meteorology studies not only clouds and wind, but also processes in water, soil and even space. The world’s oldest working weather station has been operating in Central England since 1659 and still provides data for climate research. The most accurate short-term weather forecasts today are not created by people, but by supercomputers. To calculate one three-day forecast, they perform more than a billion mathematical operations. The famous saying «The groundhog predicts spring» has real meteorological roots: animals are indeed sensitive to changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature, and in the past people used animal behavior to predict the weather. All international flights of planes, ships and even rocket launches are impossible without meteorological support — the safety of thousands of people often depends on the accuracy of the forecast. In Ukraine, the oldest weather station operates in Lviv — observations have been made there since 1851. During World War II, weather forecasting was a strategic weapon—it was thanks to accurate forecasting that the Allied landings in Normandy began on «D-Day.» Day of the Atheist This is not a public holiday or a church date — rather, it is an occasion to remind that millions of people in the world live without religious faith, and this is as much a right as the right to believe. Atheist’s Day is about freedom of thought, about the choice not to rely on religious dogmas, but to look for answers in science, philosophy and rational thinking. The history of this date is connected with the traditions of enlightenment and the struggle for freedom of conscience. It was on March 23, 1883, a few days after the death of Karl Marx, that the American philosopher and writer Robert Ingersoll — one of the most famous atheists of his time — gave a public speech at his funeral in London. Ingersoll was not just a speaker, but a symbol of the movement of freethinkers and atheists who advocated the right of man to live and think outside of religious frameworks. Since then, March 23 has become an unofficial day for those who identify themselves as atheists, agnostics, or simply people who seek answers not in the sacred, but in the real world. This day is celebrated with discussions, lectures, actions in support of the secular state and freedom of conscience. Today, in many countries, atheism remains a challenge to society. In more than ten countries of the world, the death penalty is still prescribed for atheism or rejection of religion. At the same time, in secular states, millions of people openly call themselves atheists, and their number is growing. Atheist Day is not a call to abandon faith. It’s a reminder of equal rights—that no one has to believe in a higher power or follow religious traditions just because it’s «accepted.» And most importantly, everyone should be guaranteed the right to doubt, to think critically, and to take their own path in finding the meaning of life. Interesting facts According to studies by the Pew Research Center, the number of people who identify themselves as atheist, agnostic or non-religious is constantly increasing. In some European countries, their share already exceeds 50%. At the UN, the right to be an atheist is officially protected by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which guarantees freedom of thought, conscience and religion. In the USA, more than 20% of the population today consider themselves «non-religious», and this figure is even higher among young people. Famous atheist personalities in history are Albert Einstein, Carl Sagan, Stephen Hawking, Isaac Asimov, Mark Twain, Charles Darwin. In a number of countries, in particular in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, atheism is equated to «terrorism» or «a crime against Islam» and is punishable by death. There is no concept of «atheism» in the Constitution of Ukraine, but Article 35 guarantees freedom of worldview and religion, which includes the right not to believe. The most famous symbol of the atheist movement is the red letter «A», created as part of the Out Campaign, which urged people not to hide their atheism. Paradoxically, atheists were the first to develop religious studies as a science — to study religions not from the position of a believer, but from the position of a researcher. In some countries of the world, for example in France, the principle of secularism is enshrined at the state level — the state is separated from the church, and religion has no influence on state decisions. OK Day This is a day dedicated to one of the most famous and recognizable words in the world — the short, simple, but universal «OK», which is understood in almost every corner of the planet. The history of this word dates back to 1839. It was on March 23 of that year that the American newspaper Boston Morning Post first printed the abbreviation «O.K.», used as a humorous abbreviation of the phrase «oll korrect» — a deliberately misspelled form of «all correct». And although it was an ordinary newspaper joke, the word unexpectedly gained popularity and became part of the colloquial language. Over time, «OK» became so entrenched in American culture that it even became a political symbol. During the 1840 presidential campaign, supporters of candidate Martin van Buren used the word heavily, as the politician was called «Old Kinderhook» after his birthplace in Kinderhook, New York. The slogan «Vote for OK» quickly became popular, and the phrase itself received a second wind. Today, «OK» is not just a word, but a universal symbol of agreement, confirmation or positive assessment. It is understandable even to those who do not know the English language, it is used in spoken language, correspondence, messengers and even gestures. The words «OK» and the thumbs up gesture have long been part of global culture. OK Day is not just about the word, but a reminder of how a simple human joke has turned into a universal symbol of understanding that makes communication easier for millions of people around the world every day. Interesting facts «OK» is one of the most used words in the world. It is understood in most countries, even where English is not spoken. There are several versions of the origin of the word «OK», but it was the date of the first written mention — March 23, 1839 — that became the basis for the celebration. In some cultures, the «OK» gesture has a completely different meaning — for example, in Brazil or Turkey, it can be considered offensive, so you should be careful when traveling. In the English language, the word «OK» performs almost all grammatical functions — it can be an adjective, an adverb, a verb, and even a noun. From «OK» comes the word «okayno» — a neologism that has entered modern Ukrainian youth slang. In 1969, the word «OK» was one of the first messages transmitted from the surface of the Moon — it was used by an astronaut during communication with Earth. Historical events on this day 625 year — one of the key battles of the early history of Islam took place near Mount Uhud on the territory of modern Saudi Arabia. The army of the Muslim Ummah of Medina, led by the Prophet Muhammad, faced the pagan Quraysh from Mecca under the leadership of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. Despite the defeat of the Muslims, this battle became a symbol of the test of faith and unity of the community. 1153 year — in the German city of Konstanz, on the shores of the picturesque Lake Constance, an important agreement was concluded between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and Pope Eugene III, which determined the political balance of power in Europe. 1324 year — Pope John XXII excommunicated the German Emperor Louis of Bavaria, which became another stage in the long struggle between secular and church power in Europe. 1400 year — in Vietnam, the five-year-old Emperor Chiang Thieu De was forced to abdicate in favor of his own maternal grandfather, Ho Kui Li, who thus usurped power and laid the foundations of a new dynasty. 1513 year — The Republic of Venice joined the Holy League in order, together with its allies, to oppose the troops of the French king Louis XII, which was important for the further fate of the Italian Wars. 1534 year — Pope Clement VII, after a long diplomatic struggle, refused the English king Henry VIII a divorce from Catherine of Aragon, which later led to the break between England and Rome and the creation of the Anglican Church. 1568 year — the peace treaty of Longimo between Catherine de’ Medici and Charles IX of Valois put an end to the second French religious war, albeit for a short time. 1743 year — George Handel’s oratorio «Messiah» was performed for the first time in London’s Covent Garden theater, a masterpiece that has forever entered the world’s musical heritage. 1868 year — one of the leading educational institutions of the USA — the University of California — was founded. 1869 year — The University of Leipzig awarded Friedrich Nietzsche the degree of Doctor of Sciences on the basis of his scientific works, without defending a thesis — a unique case in the history of German science. 1891 year — in Great Britain, for the first time, a net was used for a football goal, making the game much more dynamic and fair. 1903 year — the Wright brothers applied for a patent for the «flying machine», laying the foundations for the era of aviation. 1913 year — a powerful Category 4 tornado destroyed most of the city of Omaha in the state of Nebraska, USA. 1918 year — The Ukrainian Central Rada officially announced the Ukrainian language as the official language, securing its state status during the struggle for independence. 1919 year — in Milan, journalist Benito Mussolini created the political organization «Italian Union of Struggle», which became the basis for the emergence of the fascist party. 1928 year — The Kamianets-Podilskyi fortress was declared a historical and cultural reserve, making it a monument of national significance. 1933 year — The Reichstag passed the so-called «Law on the Elimination of the Plight of the People and the State», which gave Adolf Hitler extraordinary powers and effectively started the Nazi dictatorship. 1935 year — US President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Constitution of the Philippines, laying the foundations for their future independence. 1939 year — Hungary attacked the newly created Slovakia, which also affected the formation of the borders of modern Ukraine. 1944 year — a botanical garden was created in Kyiv, which became one of the largest in Ukraine and a research center in the field of floristry. 1950 year — the World Meteorological Organization was founded, a UN structure that still today coordinates weather forecasts and the fight against natural disasters. 1966 year — a historic meeting of the Pope and the Archbishop of Canterbury took place in Rome — the first official meeting of Catholic and Anglican leaders in 400 years. 1994 year — in Brussels, Ukraine signed an agreement on cooperation with the European Union, taking another step towards European integration. 1997 year — in Miami, during a complex operation, a ten-month-old Italian girl was transplanted with seven organs at once — a medical record of that time. 2013 year — Kyiv was paralyzed by a record snowfall caused by a cyclone from the Balkans — the city practically stopped under the weight of the elements. 2020 is the year — Ukrainian Wikipedia reached one million articles, becoming an important part of the world information community.

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