Debts for utilities in Poland: how Ukrainian refugees can avoid the risk of losing their homes
Living in Poland has become a new reality for many Ukrainian refugees, requiring adaptation to local rules and regulations, including those related to utility bills. Poland has a strict system for utility debts, with several stages of warnings and fines that can lead to serious consequences, including the loss of housing. For Ukrainians who have been forced to leave their homes because of the war, it is important to understand how this system works to avoid trouble and maintain financial stability in a new country.
System of actions in case of late payment of utility bills in Poland
Non-payment of utility bills in Poland can have serious consequences, including the risk of losing your home. At the same time, the debtor faces several stages of warnings and fines, which can eventually lead to the confiscation of property, according to inPoland. In Poland, each delay in utility payments triggers a clearly defined debt collection procedure that includes several successive stages.
- First reminder and polite warning
- After the first delay in payment, Polish utilities send a reminder to the debtor to make the payment. This notice is usually a gentle reminder and is intended to encourage the debtor to settle the matter quickly.
- Additional penalty and increase in the amount of debt
- If the consumer does not respond to the first warning, utility companies charge additional penalties for each day of delay. This gradually increases the total amount of debt, which can be a significant financial burden for those who already have a limited budget.
- Subsequent warnings and fines
- If the debt continues to grow, utilities may send repeated warnings, where the amount of debt is indicated, including all penalties and fines. This is usually the last attempt to resolve the situation without the involvement of the judiciary.
Judicial debt collection
If a debtor fails to pay utility bills even after several warnings, utility companies go to court. The legal process for collecting utility debts in Poland is fast and efficient:
- Court order for debt collection
- In Poland, utility debt collection cases are often processed in an expedited manner, which allows for a quick recovery order. All court costs, including state fees, are borne by the debtor, which further increases the amount of the debt.
- Impact on credit history
- A court order for debt collection can seriously affect the debtor’s credit history, making it difficult to conduct future financial transactions, such as renting a house or obtaining a loan in Poland. This is an important aspect for Ukrainian refugees seeking to build a stable life in Poland.
Actions of the bailiff
If the debtor ignores the court decision, a bailiff, who has broad powers, is involved in the case:
- Seizure of bank accounts and withholding part of the salary
- The bailiff can seize the debtor’s bank accounts or withhold part of their income to cover the debt. This greatly complicates the debtor’s financial situation and may create additional difficulties for his or her family.
- Confiscation of property
- If the debt is not paid, the bailiff may take more drastic measures, including confiscation of property. If the debtor is renting a property, the landlord has the right to terminate the lease and demand eviction due to unpaid bills.
Criminal liability as a last resort
If a debtor intentionally evades payment of a debt or ignores court decisions, this can lead to even more serious consequences in Poland. Polish law provides for the possibility of initiating criminal proceedings in the event of significant arrears or intentional avoidance of court decisions. Although such cases are rare, they do occur, especially when the amounts owed are significant.
Tips for Ukrainian refugees to avoid problems with utility debts
For Ukrainian refugees living in Poland, it is important to understand the local rules regarding utility bills and know how to avoid problems. Here are some tips that can help you maintain financial stability:
- Pay your bills on time
- Keep a close eye on your utility bills and try to avoid late payments to avoid fines and additional penalties.
- Negotiate debt restructuring in case of difficulties
- If you find yourself in a difficult financial situation, ask your utility company for a debt restructuring. Many companies are willing to discuss payment options on acceptable terms.
- Control your resource consumption
- Reasonable consumption of water, electricity and gas will help reduce your monthly utility bills. This is especially important for refugees who want to save money.
- Keep track of your rights and obligations
- Remember that you have rights as a tenant, but you are also responsible for paying for utilities. Familiarise yourself with Polish law and consult a lawyer if you have any questions.
- Check for social support programmes
- Some cities in Poland offer support programmes for people in financial difficulties. Check if there is a possibility to receive such assistance to ease the burden.
Paying utility bills in Poland is an important obligation that has significant consequences for non-compliance. For Ukrainian refugees, it is not only a way to keep their accommodation, but also an opportunity to avoid legal and financial problems in a new country. Following these simple guidelines will help to ensure stability and peace of mind, allowing you to focus on rebuilding your life in the context of forced emigration.
