On July 5, Ukraine celebrates the Liberation Day of the cities of Kramatorsk and Sloviansk
In 2014, during the period of political instability in Ukraine, mass riots began in the east of the country, which led to armed conflicts and the occupation of some cities. Slovyansk and Kramatorsk became centers of military operations – in these cities, illegal armed formations seized the buildings of the Slovyansk city department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the local SBU department. The terrorists seized a significant amount of weapons from the police building. On the same day, barricades and checkpoints of the occupiers appeared on the roads to the city.
On July 5, 2014, separatists of the so-called “DPR” and Russian mercenaries were pushed out of Kramatorsk, Donetsk region, thanks to the actions of the Ukrainian military. Since then, this date has become a symbol of liberation and victory for the city’s residents.
The occupation of the city began on April 12, 2014, with the capture of the city police department. During the assault, the separatists received reinforcements from Sloviansk in the amount of 28 fighters. The effect of surprise played into the hands of the militants, and they took the city under their control. On July 5, after being defeated in Slovyansk, the pro-Russian militants also left Kramatorsk. Residents of the cities celebrate this event every year and honor the memory of the dead.
July 5 is also celebrated:
Mechanical pencil day. This day is dedicated to recognizing the important role of this tool in our daily life. The mechanical pencil is popular among engineers, architects, artists, and students for its precision, convenience, and ability to provide a consistent line width. It combines the traditional charm of pencils with the convenience of modern design. The invention of the mechanical pencil dates back to the 16th century, but it was only in the 19th and 20th centuries that its design was improved and commercial production became widespread. Today, a mechanical pencil is not only a practical tool, but also an expression of personal style.
World Bikini Day. This day is celebrated unofficially. It was on July 5, 1946 that the French fashion designer Louis Riard presented this outfit during a show in Paris. Model Michelle Bernardini showed the fashion designer to the public.
Historical events of July 5:
1922 – On the initiative of Fritjof Nansen, an international agreement on the establishment of ID cards for displaced persons was signed in Geneva “Nansen passport”. These documents were intended for refugees from Russia, Armenians fleeing the Turkish genocide, and later Jews from Nazi Germany. In the same year, Nansen was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and in 1938 it was awarded to the Nansen International Committee for Refugees, created after Nansen’s death.
1924 – In Paris, the President of the French Republic, Gaston Dumergue, began the solemn opening ceremony of the VIII Olympic Games, which began on May 27. The Olympic motto “Citius, Altius, Fortius!”, “Faster, higher, stronger!” appeared for the first time at the Olympics. Athletes from 44 countries took part in the competition, with athletes from Ireland, Lithuania, Mexico, Poland, Romania, Uruguay, the Philippines and Ecuador taking part in the Games for the first time. Finnish runner Paavo Nurmi was recognized as the best athlete of the VIII Olympic Games, and the team championship was won by the USA team, which won 99 medals (45 gold and 27 silver and bronze).
1938 – At the international conference in Evian-les-Bains (France), all European countries refused to accept Jewish refugees from Germany.
1941 – In Kraków, the German police arrested and deported to Berlin the head of the Ukrainian Nationalist Organization, Stepan Bandera.
1962 – After 132 years of French colonial rule and eight years of armed struggle, Algeria gained independence — the leader of the National Liberation Front, Ahmed Ben Bella, became prime minister, and the following year was elected president of the country.
1971 – US President Richard Nixon signed an amendment to the Constitution to lower the voting age from 21 to 18.
1974 – In Lausanne (Switzerland), the Ukrainian SSR signed the Universal Postal Convention.
1991 – The Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR adopted a statement on the groundlessness of Romania’s territorial claims to Ukraine regarding Northern Bukovyna and the Danube.
1994 – The first graduation of trainees took place at the Training Institute of the Security Service of Ukraine.
1994 – 809 settlements in seven regions of Ukraine were left without power supply as a result of the hurricane. Considerable damage was done to settlements and crops.
1996 – Scientists of the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh (Scotland) reported that, under the leadership of Dr. Ian Willmat, the cloning of a mammal was successfully carried out for the first time — on this day, Dolly the sheep was born from a surrogate mother, which was an exact genetic copy of the cell-donor sheep. Dolly lived more than six years, left behind six lambs, and was euthanized on February 14, 2003, due to progressive lung disease and arthritis.
1997 – 16-year-old Swiss Martina Hingis defeated Jana Novotna and became the youngest winner of the Wimbledon tournament in the 20th century. In the 19th century, the record belonged to 15-year-old Charlotte Dodd.
2009 – In the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the city of Urumqi, located in the northwest of China, mass riots began. They were caused by an incident on June 26, when local Uyghurs were brutally beaten by the Chinese at one of the city’s enterprises. The riots lasted until July 20 and resulted in the deaths of about 200 people, mostly ethnic Chinese, and were brutally suppressed by the police. According to the results of the investigation, 30 people were sentenced to death and 8 to life imprisonment.
2012 – The official opening of Europe’s tallest building — the 72-story Shard skyscraper with a height of 309 meters, designed by an Italian architect — took place in London.
