Holidays and commemorative dates:
Windmill day – the holiday began to be celebrated about twenty years ago in the Netherlands, later it became international. The day is dedicated not only to ancient symbols of the country, but also to wind energy. First there were water mills, and then wind mills. There is evidence that windmills existed in ancient Persia around the 7th century. to n. e. The first windmills in Ukraine appeared in the 16th century.
Day of trusting your own intuition – and such a holiday exists. It is designed to encourage people to listen to their “inner voice” more often. There are a number of scientific studies that show that intuition is not a “sixth sense”, but brain prompts.
Events on this day:
1879 – Simon Petliura was born – a Ukrainian statesman, military and political figure, publicist, commander-in-chief of the troops of the Ukrainian People’s Republic (UNR) and the second Chairman of the Directorate of the UNR.
At birth, he received the name Semyon, but changed it to Simon in honor of the revolutionary Simon Bolivar – the leader of the war for the independence of the Spanish colonies in Latin America.
He studied at the Poltava Theological Seminary. Petliura was expelled from there for his radical views. He worked in Moscow as an accountant at the “Russia” insurance company. Simon tried to enter St. Volodymyr’s Kyiv University (now Taras Shevchenko National University), but he did not succeed.
Simon Petliura’s path in politics began with the Revolutionary Ukrainian Party, and after its disintegration, he joined the Ukrainian Social Democratic Labor Party. His views were different, but Petliura considered the unification of all Ukrainians within the borders of one state to be his main task.
In 1917, Petliura took part in the First All-Ukrainian Military Congress. The soldiers elected him the head of the Revolutionary Committee of the Western Front. Already in May, he became the head of the Ukrainian General Military Committee, and from June – the general secretary of military affairs. He became one of the organizers and creators of the Ukrainian Army. He is mentioned as the leader of mass repressions of Jews and Kyiv workers. However, historians now believe that these “crimes” were rather an “initiative from below” and not Petliura himself.
From November 1918, he was the Chief Otaman of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, and in 1919 he became the head of the Directorate of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. He managed to conduct a military-political campaign with many successes, which, however, did not last long.
In November 1920, he headed the émigré government in Poland. In 1923, Petliura was forced to leave for Austria, and from there to Hungary and Switzerland. As a result, he settled in France. Here, Simon Petliura was engaged in the publication of the Trizub weekly.
On May 25, 1926, he was shot dead in Paris by the anarchist Schwartzbard for Jewish pogroms in Ukraine. The court acquitted the murderer. There is a version that Schwarzbard was hired by the Soviet special services.
A few quotes from Simon Petliura:
– Blood shed for a great purpose does not dry up.
– The state is above the party, the nation is above classes!
– Terror is a means of political struggle, in those moments when the normal struggle of political parties becomes impossible.
– Loyalty is the basis not only of family life.
– Our strength is in unity, and the key to success is in state obedience!
“Petliurivka” is the unofficial name of the headdress characteristic of the Army of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. It was sewn in the shape of a cap, but the edges were made in such a way that they had lapels with a V-shaped cut in front. Loops were sewn from blue or green fabric, and the top, sides and chin cord were hemmed with a yellow or blue border. Petlyurivkas were worn, as a rule, by senior ranks. Those with a lower rank had smaller caps, but with higher edges (“mazepinka”).
1940 — Neville Chamberlain resigned from the post of Prime Minister of Great Britain. Winston Churchill became the new British prime minister.
1961 Ivan Malkovich, Ukrainian poet and publisher, owner and director of the publishing house “A-ba-ba-ga-la-ma-ga” was born.
